Volume 2, Number 1, March 2001

POPULAR
TOPICPAPERSalt intake and non-ACE pathways for intrarenal angiotensin II generation in man
Norman K Hollenberg, Suzette Y Osei, M Cecilia Lansang, Deborah A Price, Naomi DL Fisher

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) plays a crucial role in the generation of angiotensin II (Ang II) via conversion from angiotensin I (Ang I). There has been substantial recent interest in non-ACE pathways of Ang II generation in the heart, large arteries, and the kidney. In the case of the human kidney, studied when in balance on a low-salt diet, the renal haemodynamic response to Ang II antagonists substantially exceeds the renal response to ACE inhibitors (ACE-I), suggesting that about 30–40% of Ang II-generation occurs via non-ACE pathways. In this study, we examined the relative contribution of non-ACE pathways, by comparing the response to candesartan and to captopril at the top of the dose-response in normal humans when in balance on a low-salt, as well as a high-salt, diet. As anticipated on a low-salt diet, the increase in renal plasma flow (RPF) in response to candesartan (165±14 mL/min/1.73m²) significantly exceeded the response to captopril (118±12 mL/min/1.73m²; p<0.01). In subjects studied on a high-salt diet, the response to candesartan (97±20 mL/min/1.73m²) also significantly exceeded the response to captopril on the same diet (30±15 mL/min/1.73m²; p<0.01). This remarkable response to candesartan in subjects on a high-salt diet, when compared with the response to captopril, suggests that non-ACE-dependent Ang II generation was influenced less than the classical renal pathway with an increase in salt intake, so that the percentage of Ang II generated via the non-ACE pathway rose to the 60–70% range.

JRAAS 2001;2:14-18.

POPULAR
TOPICPAPEREffect of valsartan and captopril in rabbit carotid injury. Possible involvement of bradykinin in the antiproliferative action of the renin-angiotensin blockade
Tong Chuang Feng, Wang Yui Ying, Ren Jang Hua, Yale Y Ji, Marc de Gasparo

The effects of the specific angiotensin II (Ang II) AT₁-receptor blocker valsartan on events related to restenosis were investigated in rabbits after common carotid balloon injury. Six animals were given valsartan from two days prior to injury until 14 days post-injury. Three control groups (n=6 in each group) were either sham-operated, untreated or treated with the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, captopril. Both ACE inhibition and AT₁-receptor blockade had marked effects on plasma levels of endothelin ET₁, thromboxane TXB₂ and 6-keto-PGF1-alpha. The most dramatic effects on ET₁ levels were seen in rabbits treated with valsartan, where levels were reduced to values close to those for sham-operated animals (96.85 vs. 86.45 pg/ml). Captopril treatment led to a statistically significant (p<0.01) reduction in ET₁ levels compared with untreated animals, but the reduction was only about half that seen with AT₁- receptor blockade. TXB₂ levels doubled (202.58 vs. 413.28 pg/ml) upon arterial injury in control animals but rose by only 20–35% in rabbits treated with captopril (246.45 pg/ml) or valsartan (268.13). In untreated animals, 6-keto-PGF₁-alpha levels decreased slightly after injury, but for both the captopril and valsartan groups, there were significant increases in levels of this prostaglandin derivative, effects attributed to the action of bradykinins. Levels were highest in the captopril-treated animals. Valsartan and captopril treatment led to a significant reduction in neointimal thickness and the extent of lumen stenosis compared with untreated animals. Both treatments were effective in reducing neointimal area and significantly (p<0.05) reduced cell proliferation. The differences between treatments can be attributed to the different actions of the agents, as valsartan leaves the AT₂-receptor unblocked, while captopril, through inhibition of Ang II synthesis, prevents stimulation of both receptors. A combination of both treatments may be a possible way forward in the clinical prevention of restenosis.

JRAAS 2001;2:19-24.

POPULAR
TOPICPAPERDiscordant responses to two classes of drugs acting on the renin-angiotensin system
Peter S Sever, C Limmie Chang

Introduction: Marked heterogeneity characterises blood pressure (BP) responses to antihypertensive drugs. The efficacy of drugs acting on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is predicted (albeit weakly) by plasma renin activity (PRA) and it has been assumed that, within individuals, there would be concordance in efficacy between drugs acting at different sites to block the RAAS.
Design: The present study was a randomised, double-blind, two-way, crossover study designed to evaluate intra-individual BP responses to an angiotensin II AT₁-receptor blocker (ARB), candesartan cilexetil, and an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE-I), lisinopril, and to identify potential phenotypic characteristics of patients' responses to the drugs.
Methods: 92 patients with essential hypertension, (mean systolic/diastolic BP 160/101 mmHg) entered the trial, of whom 76 patients completed both treatments.
Results: There was marked heterogeneity in response to the two drugs. 50% of patients responded (fall in diastolic BP of >10 mmHg or achieved diastolic pressure <90 mmHg) to both drugs; 16% were non-responders to both drugs; 20% responded to the ACE-I but not the ARB and 15% responded to the ARB but not to the ACE-I. Individual responses to the two drugs were poorly correlated (for diastolic pressure: r=0.19, p=0.11; for systolic pressure: r=-0.01, p=0.92). For the ACE-I, the fall in both systolic and diastolic BP was related to pretreatment PRA (for diastolic pressure: r=0.31, p=0.008; for systolic pressure: r=0.24, p=0.04). In the case of the ARB, no relationship between the fall in BP and PRA was observed.
These observations suggest that more complex mechanisms may be involved in BP reduction with ARBs than with ACE-I.

JRAAS 2001;2:25-30.

POPULAR
TOPICPAPERComparative antihypertensive and renoprotective effects of telmisartan and lisinopril after long-term treatment in hypertensive diabetic rats
Wolfgang Wienen, Serge Richard, Pascal Champeroux, Chantal Audeval-Gerard

This study compared the cardiovascular and renal effects of long-term telmisartan (3 and 10 mg/kg/day) and lisinopril (10 mg/kg/day) in an animal model combining hypertension and diabetes mellitus. It was a parallel-group study of diabetic, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), treated with control or active treatment for eight months. A non-diabetic SHR control group was run in parallel. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (45 mg/kg i.v.) in SHRs aged 9–10 weeks. Animals were treated with telmisartan (3 or 10 mg/kg/day), lisinopril (10 mg/kg/day) or vehicle. Plasma glucose levels, blood pressure (BP), and urinary protein and albumin excretion were measured monthly. Telmisartan treatment significantly reduced BP of diabetic SHRs in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.05, low-dose, n=18; p<0.01, high-dose, n=15). The BP reduction in the lisinopril group was similar to that in the telmisartan 10 mg/kg/day group. Compared with non-diabetic SHRs, untreated diabetic SHRs developed severe proteinuria and albuminuria over the experimental period (p<0.01). In diabetic SHRs, proteinuria and albuminuria were dose-dependently and significantly attenuated by treatment with telmisartan (p<0.01 with the higher dose) and lisinopril (p<0.01). Compared with the untreated diabetic SHRs, cardiac hypertrophy was significantly reduced after treatment with both doses of telmisartan and with lisinopril. Telmisartan, 10 mg/kg/ day, but not lisinopril, significantly attenuated the diabetes-induced increase in glomerular volume. In conclusion, telmisartan, 10 mg/kg/day, is at least as beneficial as lisinopril, 10 mg/kg/day, in lowering BP, reducing cardiac hypertrophy and attenuating renal excretion of protein and albumin in this model.

JRAAS 2001;2:31-36.

POPULAR
TOPICPAPERThe influence of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors on the aorta elastin metabolism in diet-induced hypercholesterolaemia in rabbits
Wojciech Wojakowski, Jan Gminski, Krzysztof Siemianowicz, Malgorzata Goss, Marek Machalski

Aortic elastin turnover is significantly accelerated in atherosclerosis, partly because of activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system caused by hypercholesterolaemia. We postulated that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-I) prevent the aortic elastin loss in experimental hypercholesterolaemia. Two doses of ACE-I (captopril, enalapril and quinapril) were used: a dose equivalent to that applied to human subjects and a dose 10 times higher. We found that the increase in serum and aortic elastolytic activity in cholesterol-fed rabbits was prevented by high-dose captopril. The elastin content in aorta homogenates from cholesterol-fed rabbits was significantly decreased. The higher dose of captopril, but no other ACE-I, prevented this decrease in aortic elastin content. In cholesterol-fed rabbits the elastin-bound calcium content was significantly elevated. The higher doses of captopril and enalapril lowered the elastin-bound calcium content. In serum and aortic homogenates of cholesterol-fed rabbits, ACE activity was elevated by 15% and 77%, respectively. Both doses of captopril, enalapril and quinapril prevented this cholesterol-induced increase in serum and aortic ACE activity. We conclude that: 1) administration of captopril at doses 10 times higher than those used in humans prevents hypercholesterolaemia increased aortic elastin loss. 2) higher doses of captopril and enalapril prevent the hypercholesterolaemia-induced increase in aortic elastin-bound calcium.

JRAAS 2001;2:37-42.

POPULAR
TOPICEDITORIAL REVIEWSignal transduction mechanisms of the angiotensin II type AT₁-receptor: looking beyond the heterotrimeric G protein paradigm
Peter P Sayeski, Kenneth E Bernstein

Angiotensin II (Ang II) is the effector molecule of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). This small peptide binds cell surface receptors to maintain a wide variety of haemodynamic responses including salt and water balance, blood pressure and vascular tone. Ang II can also act as a potent growth factor. Under certain conditions however, its growth-promoting effects can be deleterious and lead to vascular disease. The intracellular signalling mechanisms by which the Ang II type 1 (AT₁) receptor converts ligand binding to the appropriate cellular response are the focus of this review. Here, the classical signalling pathway utilising heterotrimeric G proteins is discussed. In addition, more recent work examining the role of tyrosine phosphorylation signalling cascades is also examined. Defining the biochemical signalling pathways by which Ang II mediates its physiological effects will advance our understanding of how such a simple molecule elicits such a wide variety of important cellular responses. Furthermore, it may delineate the mechanisms by which Ang II generates a normal vs. an abnormal cellular response, the results of which lead to vascular disease states that are routinely seen in humans.

JRAAS 2001;2:4-10.

POPULAR
TOPICEDITORIAL REVIEWThe management of the elderly with hypertension
Christopher J Bulpitt

Outcome data from randomised controlled trials in hypertensive patients have shown that, in patients aged 65–79 years, there are clear benefits of antihypertensive treatment in those with a sustained systolic blood pressure (SBP) of >160 mmHg, irrespective of diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Although not definitively proven, it is also probable that treating a sustained DBP of >90 mmHg is beneficial.
However, the information from these trials is limited and leaves several questions unanswered.
For example, to what level should BP be lowered by treatment? Epidemiological data have suggested that DBP should not be lowered below 85 mmHg because of a potential increase in coronary heart disease at lower pressures, the so-called 'J-shaped curve'. However, results from the HOT and SHEP studies do not support this theory; although, in SHEP, a DBP <60 mmHg in the actively treated group was associated with higher cardiovascular events, it is probable that this merely reflects a more pronounced response to antihypertensive treatment in patients who are frail, unwell and therefore already at high risk. Most researchers conclude from these studies that the J-shaped increase in mortality at low pressures reflects the fact that concomitant conditions such as coronary artery disease, cancer and dementia all tend to result in low BP.
Data are less convincing regarding SBP. In the HOT, EWPHE, SHEP and SYST-Eur trials, mean SBP was reduced to between 140 and 150 mmHg. Between 30 and 50% of subjects failed to achieve the target of 140–160 mmHg, and of those who did, a large proportion required treatment with more than one drug. In the elderly, side-effects, particularly postural hypotension, may limit the numbers achieving target BP and will increase non-compliance. The current goals in the elderly should be a standing BP of <140/<80 mmHg.
Another unanswered question is over the choice of antihypertensive drugs in the elderly. In the early MRC trials in the elderly, patients treated with beta-blockers tended to fare badly, leading to the suggestion that these drugs should be avoided in this age group. However, these suggestions were not substantiated by the STOP-hypertension 2 study, in which no disadvantages of beta blockade were demonstrated. Two further trials, ASCOT and ALLHAT are currently underway and will provide further information on the optimal choice of drugs for BP-lowering. It should be noted that, in the ALLHAT studies, one of the treatments, the alpha blocker, doxazosin, has been stopped because of an increase in the relative risk for stroke, heart failure and combined cardiovascular disease. However, with the possible exception of α-blockers, the choice of drugs for BP-lowering in the elderly seems not to be of great importance, and that choice will be largely determined by contra-indications, side-effect profiles and quality of life issues.
Finally, the picture for the very elderly remains confusing. Epidemiological evidence suggests that lower BPs are associated with higher mortality, though this may be a function of the hypotensive effects of co-existing serious illness such as heart disease, cancer and dementia. The only trial specifically designed for the very elderly is the ongoing HYVET trial, though very limited data from over 80 year olds recruited into other trials is also available. The consensus from these studies is that treatment should certainly be given to patients with severe hypertension (SBP >200 mmHg, DBP >110 mmHg) and those with evidence of heart failure, angina, renal failure or accelerated hypertension. In other patients, treatment may prevent a stroke, but will not necessarily prolong life expectancy and may adversely affect quality of life.

JRAAS 2001;2:11-13.

POPULAR
TOPICCASE STUDYHypertension due to a giant aldosterone-secreting adenoma
Dirk C Felmeden, Joan G Gearty, Dee M Dawkins, Gareth Beevers

The syndrome of hypertension due to a benign aldosterone-secreting adenoma of the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex was first described by Jerome Conn in 1955.¹ Since then, a great many case series have been published^2-3 and the criteria for the biochemical and histopathological diagnosis have been extensively reported. The tumours are classically canary yellow and rarely more than 1 cm in diameter.⁴ We report the clinical course of a long-standing hypertensive patient with possibly the largest benign adenoma in the Western medical literature.

JRAAS 2001;2:43-44.

ABSTRACTOptimal dosing or combination treatments: the example of the renin-angiotensin system inhibition
J. Menard, M. Azizi (CIC INSERM/AP-HP, France)

JRAAS 2001;2:48.

ABSTRACTGene therapy for hypertension: current status and future perspectives
Mohan K. Raizada, Ph.D. University of Florida, PO Box 100274, Gainesville, FL 32610

JRAAS 2001;2:48.

ABSTRACTSomaitc gene therapy for hypertension with adeno-associated delivery of antisense to angiotensin type 1 receptor mRNA
M.I. Phillips, B. Kimura, Y.C. Zhang, C.H. Gelband, D. Mohuczy, Dept. of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.

JRAAS 2001;2:48.

ABSTRACTPara(auto)crine Ang II is the functionality relevant angiotensin peptide in heart and kidney
M.a.d.h. Schalekamp, J.H. Danser

JRAAS 2001;2:48.

ABSTRACTNew roles for aldosterone
N.K. Hollenberg

JRAAS 2001;2:49.

ABSTRACTInsights into vascular ACE reactivation despite ACE inhibitor therapy in patients with chronic heart failure
Colin A J Farquharson, Allan D Struthers

JRAAS 2001;2:49.

ABSTRACTNon-ACE mediated angiotensin II production
J McDonald, M Petrie, N Padmanabhan, C Hillier, J Connell and JJV McMurray, West Glasgow NHS Trust University, Glasgow

JRAAS 2001;2:49.

ABSTRACTRelation of primary prevention of stroke with antihypertensive drug-induced effect on angiotensin and sympathetic systems.
A. Fournier^*1, H. Mazouz¹, F. Boutitie², J.M. Achard³, L. Liu³, W. Li⁴, J.P. Boissel², ¹Nephrology CHU Amiens - Pharmacology - Lyon², ³Physiology

JRAAS 2001;2:49.

ABSTRACTAcute aldosterone administration induces endothelial vasodilator dysfunction in normal man - Evidence for aldosterone-induced vasculiopathy in heart failure?
Colin A J Farquharson, Allan D Struthers

JRAAS 2001;2:50.

ABSTRACTEffekt of valsartan and hydrochlorthizide on aortic augmentation pressure index in essential hypertension
AU Klingbeil, S John, MP Schneider, C Delles, G Weidinger, RE Schmeider
Department of Medicine IV, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany

JRAAS 2001;2:50.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTEffects on blood pressure, proteinuria and renal function of adding an angiotensin receptor antagonist (Candesartan, 8 mgs) to an ACE inhibitor in normotensive patients with renal disease.
Kincaid-Smith. P.S., Fairley, K.F., Packham, DK.,

JRAAS 2001;2:50.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTThe effects of losartan on the cerebal circulation during the menstrual cycle
D. J. Myhill, F. Broughton Pipkin and J. R. Hampton

JRAAS 2001;2:50.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTTherapy with ACE-inhibitors combined either with eprosartan or telmisartan increases cardiac performance in severe chronic heart failure
B. Gremmler, M.Kunert,H.Schleting,L.J.Ulbricht.

JRAAS 2001;2:51.

ABSTRACTSexual activity and plasma testosterone in hypertensive men treated with valsartan or atenolol.
R. Fogari, L. Corradi, P. Preti, G. Marasi, G.D. Malammani, A. Mugellini

JRAAS 2001;2:51.

ABSTRACTCardioprotection induced by Type 1 receptor blockade after ischaemia-reperfusion: Role of angiotensin II Type 2 receptor activation and protein kinase C_ε - cGMP signalling
B.I. Jugdutt.

JRAAS 2001;2:51.

ABSTRACTActivity of the renin-angiotensin system in stenosis and in-stent restenosis in human coronary arteries
LJ Wagenaar, G Amoroso, AC van der Wal, AJ van Boven, YM Pinto, AE Becker, WH van Gilst.

JRAAS 2001;2:51.

ABSTRACTCyclic variation in the angiotensin II receptor expression in the bovine ovary
Schauser K, Nielsen AH, Winther H, Dantzer V and Poulsen K.

JRAAS 2001;2:52.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTModelling the effects of angiotensin receptor blockers on left ventricle remodelling
A.K.Macpherson and S.Neti

JRAAS 2001;2:52.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTRole of AT₁ and AT₂ receptor system in reduced Nitric Oxide release by pressure loading.
Harada s, Takeda K, Nakata T, Fukuyama R^*, Fushiki S^*, Sasaki S, Nakagawa M, Dept of Med, Res. Inst. For Neurological Disease and Geriatrics^*, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan

JRAAS 2001;2:52.

ABSTRACTChronic AT₁ blockade decreases collagen Type 1 synthesis and reverses myocardial fibrosis in hypertensives patients
B López, R Querejeta, N Varo, A González, M Larman, JL Martínez Ubago, J Díez
University Clinic and School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona; Ntra Sra de Aránzazu Hospital and Guipuzcoa Policlinics, San Sebastian, Spain.

JRAAS 2001;2:52.

ABSTRACTAngiotensin II, vascular function and blood pressure
H.A.J. Struijker Boudier, Dept of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands

JRAAS 2001;2:53.

ABSTRACTAngiotensin and atherosclerosis
Thomas Unger MD

JRAAS 2001;2:53.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTEffect of antihypertensive therapy with valsartan vs. hydrochlorthiazide on endothelial dependent vasodilation
S John, AU Klingbeil, MP Schneider, J Jacobi, R Handrook, RE Schmieder
Department of Medicine IV, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany

JRAAS 2001;2:53.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTEffects of AT₁ and AT₂ receptor antagonists on angiotensin II induced contration in human coronary arteries
E. Pantev, L. Edvinsson, M. Malmsjö
Division of Experimental Vascular Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Lund, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden

JRAAS 2001;2:53.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTNew aspects on angiotensin II receptor blockade in diabetic nephropathy
Hans-Henrik Parving,

JRAAS 2001;2:54.

ABSTRACTTarget organ damage: cardio-renal interactions
Dick de Zeeuw and Hans Hillege

JRAAS 2001;2:54.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTRenoprotective effect of dual blockade of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in diabetic nephropathy.
K. Rossing, P. K. Christensen, P. Rossing, B.R. Jensen and H-H Parving.

JRAAS 2001;2:54.

ABSTRACTSuccessful BP reduction using sequential angiotensin-blockade and renal arterial angioplasty-stenting for refractory hypertension associated with severe bilateral atheromatous renal arterial stenosis
David J.A. Goldsmith, John Reidy, John E. Scoble

JRAAS 2001;2:54.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTBlocking the renin-angiotensin-system - future questions
Colin I. Johnston - Baker Medical Research Institute, Melbourne Victoria Australia 8008

JRAAS 2001;2:55.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTPrimary prevention of myocardial infarction (MI) and its relation to the renin angiotensin (RAS) and adrenergic (ADS) systems
A. Fournier^*1, H. Mazouz¹, R. Oprisiu1, G. Choukroun¹,J.M. Achard², ¹Nephrology CHU Amiens - ²Physiology CHU Limoges - France

JRAAS 2001;2:58.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTEffect of delapril and irbesartan on plasma PAI-1 and fibrinogen in hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients.
R. Fogari, A. Mugellini, A. Zoppi, L. Corradi, R.M. Pesce, P. Preti, P. Lazzari, G.D Malamani.

JRAAS 2001;2:58.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTEndothelial function in essential hypertensive patients treated with irbesartan
E.Bragulat, A. de la Sierra, MT. Antonio, A. Coca

JRAAS 2001;2:58.

ABSTRACTThe DIabetic Retinopathy Candesartan Trials (DIRECT) Programme
The DIRECT Programme Steering Committee,

JRAAS 2001;2:58.

ABSTRACTCharacterisation of the effects on renal potassium [K] excretion of candesartan an [C] versus lisinopril [L] in hypertensive patients with typw II diabetes Mellitus [DMII] and preserved renal function
Richard A. Preston and Murray Epstein

JRAAS 2001;2:59.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTCough from ACE-Inhibitors vs. Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers: A Meta-Analysis
Willaim J. Elliott

JRAAS 2001;2:59.

ABSTRACTReversal of left ventricular hypertrophy by chronic AT1 Blockade. A role for transforming growth factor -ß₁?
C Laviades, N Varo, J Díez
University Clinic and School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona; San Jorge General Hospital, Huesca, Spain.

JRAAS 2001;2:59.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTACE inhibitor, blood platelets activation and fibrinolytic system in patients with hypertension and ischaemic heart disease
J. Górski, R. Wachnicka-Truty, A. Birkholz-Golaszewska

JRAAS 2001;2:59.

ABSTRACTComparison of the antihypertensive effects of a fixed-dose combination of telmisartan and hydrochlorothiazide vs. telmisartan monotherapy in mild-to-moderate hypertension
Y. Lacourcière, L. Poirier, J. Lefebvre
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Canada

JRAAS 2001;2:60.

ABSTRACTEffects of candesartan on left ventricular and arterial structure and function in hypertensive patients
J. Spratt¹, D.J. Webb¹, A. Shiels², B. Williams²

JRAAS 2001;2:60.

ABSTRACTShort-term changes of serum creatinine level after administration of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors is one of the predictors of long-term prognosis of renal function in patients with renal impairment
Kiyotsugu Omae, Tetsuya Ogawa, Taeko Suenaga, Satuki Shirota, Masayoshi Sone, Hiroshi Nihei

JRAAS 2001;2:60.

ABSTRACTCombination treatment with telmisartan and hydrochlorothiazide in black patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension
J.B. McGill,¹ P.A. Reilly²

JRAAS 2001;2:60.

ABSTRACTCombined therapy of arrhythmias by angiotensin II antagonist converting enzyme inhibitor.
I. Latoguz, O. Kovalyova, J. Latogus, O. Zaitchenko, T. Asheulova.

JRAAS 2001;2:61.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTEffect of losartan and trandolapril on selected metabolic parameters in patients with essential hypertemsion
D. Musialik, M. Luczak, M. Cymerys, A. Miczke, W. Bryl

JRAAS 2001;2:61.

ABSTRACTOptimal dose of losartan for renoprotection and blood pressure reduction in diabetic nephropathy
S. Andersen, P. Rossing, T.R. Juhl and H.-H Parving.

JRAAS 2001;2:61.

ABSTRACTAntihypertensive effect of candesartan and amlodpine assessed by home pressure.
Sophie Nisse-Durgeat^*, Jean-Louis IMBS^**

JRAAS 2001;2:61.

ABSTRACTHypothesis for explaining the opposite links in secondary and primary prevention trials between angiotensin II (AII) synthesis and the blood pressure independent stroke risk
Albert Fournier ¹MD, Hakim Mazouz¹ MD, Roxana Oprisiu¹ MD, Jean Miche^l Archard² MD-

JRAAS 2001;2:62.

ABSTRACTPreserved autoregulation of glomerular filtration rate during candesartan treatment in hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients without overt nephropathy.
P.K. Christensen, S Lund, H-H Parving

JRAAS 2001;2:62.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTThe effect of angiotensin II receptor-1 antagonist on the sympathetic nervous system in patients with essential hypertension
SUN Ning-Ling Hong Ting-Ting

JRAAS 2001;2:62.

ABSTRACTCandesartan cilexitil in hemodialysis patients
P Ottosson, P-O Attman, A-C Ågren^*, O Samuelsson

JRAAS 2001;2:62.

ABSTRACTTissue factor activity and thrombin generation in patients with hypertension and ischaemic heart disease treated with ACE inhibitors
J. Górski, K. Wachnicka- Truty, A. Birzholz- Golaszewska

JRAAS 2001;2:63.

ABSTRACTTelmisartan reverses the potassium loss associated with high doses of hydrochlorothiazide
J.B. McGill,¹ P.A. Reilly²

JRAAS 2001;2:63.

ABSTRACTPharmacokinetic evidence of lack of interaction between telmisartan and simvasatin
J. Stangier, C.A.P.F. Su, H. Stähle, A Schaefer, N. Wetzelsberger, M Birkel

JRAAS 2001;2:63.

ABSTRACTSexual dysfunction in male hypertensive patients treated with beta receptor blockers or angiotensin II receptor blockers
I Nalbantgil, S Nalbantgil, F Özerkan, R Önder, M Aytimur, B Boydak,
Ege University Medical School, Ïzmir Turkey

JRAAS 2001;2:63.

ABSTRACTAutonomic balance variations during chronic treatment with irbesartan and fosinopril in men
Rabbia F., Milan A., Cat Genova G., Carra R., Martini G., Grosso T., Conterno A., Veglio F.

JRAAS 2001;2:64.

ABSTRACTPolymorphism of angiotensin-converting enzyme and angiotensinogen genes and cardiovascular complications of metabolic variant of essential hypertension
T.V. Sergeeva, D.A. Chistiakov^*, J.D. Kobalava, V.S. Moiseev, V.V. Nosikov^*
Department of Internal Medicine, People's Friendship University, Moscow, Russia.
^*National Research Institute for genetics and Selection of Industrial Microorganisms "GosNII genetika", Moscow, Russia

JRAAS 2001;2:64.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTAngiotensin II receptor antagonists have additive renal protection to patients with renal impairment already received angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
Masayoshi Sone, Kiyotsugu Omae, Satsuki Shirota, Taeko Suenaga, Tetsuya Ogawa, Hiroshi Nihei

JRAAS 2001;2:64.

ABSTRACTComparison of the pharmacokinetics of single oral doses of paracetamol when given alone or with telmisartan
J. Stangier, C.A.P.F. Su, R. Brickl, G. Deichsel

JRAAS 2001;2:64.

ABSTRACTIs A1166C polymorphism of angiotensin II AT₁- type receptor a risk factor of left ventricular hypertrophy in essentially hypertensive patients?
V.S Moiseev, I.V.Kotovskaia, I.L.Karaulova, V.V.Nosikov^*, Russian Peoples Friendship

JRAAS 2001;2:65.

ABSTRACTThe responses of blood pressure and proteinuria dissociate during dose-titration with losartan in non-diabetic proteinuria
G.D. Laverman, R.H. Henning, P.E. de Jong, G.J. Navis and D. de Zeeuw

JRAAS 2001;2:65.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTComparison of a fixed-dose combination of telmisartan 40 mg + hydrochlorothiazide 12.5mg with telmisartan 40 mg in the control of mild-to-moderate hypertension
Y. Lacourcière, L. Poirier, the Telmisartan Study Group

JRAAS 2001;2:65.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTCandesartan 16 mg with hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg as a fixed combination in patients with severe primary hypertension
Gerd Bönner, Reha-Klinik Lazarieterhof, Herbet-Hellmann-Allee 38, D-79100 Bad Krozingen,
Germany

JRAAS 2001;2:65.

ABSTRACTThe effect of angiotensin II receptor antogonism on sodium, potassium, urea and creatine concentrations during the menstrual cycle
D.J. Myhill, F. Broughton Pipkin and J.R. Hampton

JRAAS 2001;2:66.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTPharmacokinetics and tolerability of oral, once-daily telmisartan 10-60 mg in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension
J. Stangier, ¹C.A.P.F. Su, ¹ G.Deichsel, ¹ C. Baedeker, ² C. Hantel²

JRAAS 2001;2:66.

ABSTRACTSafety and efficacy of long-term exposure to monotherapy or combination therapy with telmisartan
D. Laws, on behalf of the SELECT Study Group

JRAAS 2001;2:66.

ABSTRACTPulse pressure and metabolics in hypertensives during candesartan
Raffaele Fariello, Raffaella Costa, Massimo Crippa, Ilaria Notaristefano, Stefano Ettori, Nocola Pagnoni, Ermanna Chiari, Internal Medicine & Cardiology, Azienda Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy

JRAAS 2001;2:66.

ABSTRACTTreatment with losartan and serum potassium/creatinine in essential hypertensive patients
Raffaele Fariello, Massimo Crippa, Raffaella Costa, Gianpaolo Damiani, Ermanna Chiari, Ettore Stefani, Nicola Pagnoni

JRAAS 2001;2:67.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTEffect of lisinopril in normotensive patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) and minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS)
L. Grcevska, M.Polenakovic, A.Sikole, B.Tasevska, P.Mihajlova-Donevska

JRAAS 2001;2:67.

ABSTRACTInfluence of the losartan on heart rate variability
O. Sychev, E. Bobrova, V. Chubuchny, A. Dichtenko, M. Zajc.

JRAAS 2001;2:67.

ABSTRACTLong-term effects of losartan on sympathovagal tone in essential hypertensives
I.Zarkos (1), G.Livieratos (1), Ivrana (1), P.Sinnis (1), N.Nearchou (2), E.A.Thireos (3)

JRAAS 2001;2:67.

ABSTRACTKallikrein-kinin blood system activity in patients with congestive heart failure under losartan and perindopril therapy
E.V. Shlyakchto, O.D. Beliaeva, M.J. Sitnicova

JRAAS 2001;2:68.

ABSTRACTThe effectiveness of antagonists of angiotensine receptors under acute stress-test condition
Tashchuk V.K., Grechko C.I., Popelyuk O.V., Polishchuk O.Yu., Bukovinian Medical Academy, Chervonoarmiyska str 230, Chernivtsi, 58013, Ukraine

JRAAS 2001;2:68.

ABSTRACTLong-term efficacy of candesartan cilexetil in patients with stable congestive heart failure: haemodynamic, neurohormonal and clinical effects
M.Miric, V.Mitrovic, M.Miric, Z.Vukajlovic, M.George

JRAAS 2001;2:68.

ABSTRACTLong-term effects of AT₁-blocker valsartan on haemodynamics and neuroendocrine parameters in patients with congestive heart failure
M.Miric1, V. Mitrovic², M.Miric¹, D.Bankovic¹, R.Handrock, G. Weidinger

JRAAS 2001;2:68.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTEffects of angiotensin II receptor inhibition on fibrinogen in systemic hypertension.
H. Grassos, N. Kouris, M. Sifaki, E. Kalkandi, J. Tsigos, D. Babalis

JRAAS 2001;2:69.

ABSTRACTThe gap between the clinical measurements and ambulatory blood pressure means in the TReatment and Ambulatory Blood Pressure (TRAP) study
N Koylanm M S Sever, B Ilerigelen, R Onder and S Caglar for the TRAP study group: Dept of Cardiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Capa, Istanbul 34390 Turkey

JRAAS 2001;2:69.

ABSTRACTThe frequency and duration of white coat effect and the reliability of 27 hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in the treatment and ambulatory blood pressures (TRAP) study
N Koylanm M S Sever, B Ilerigelen, R Onder and S Caglar for the TRAP study group: Dept of Cardiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Capa, Istanbul 34390 Turkey

JRAAS 2001;2:69.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTEfficacy of telmisartan on hypertension and left ventricular mass: a multicenter study.
Domenico Galzerano, Antonio Cerciello, S. Latte, G. Saetta, G.Allocca, C. Brighina, Diana Lama, P. Capogrosso. Cardiology Dept., S Gennaro and SG Bosco Hosp., ^*Geriatric Dept., II University, Naples, Italy

JRAAS 2001;2:69.

ABSTRACTPharmacokinetics and tolerability of single-dose and repeated once-daily telmisartan in elderly subjects
J.Stangier, ¹W. Wierich, ²P. Thies, 2 C.A.P.F. Su, 1 A. Siebel²

JRAAS 2001;2:70.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTThe efficacy of telmisartan compared to perindopril in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension
S Nalbantgil, F Özerkan, H Yilmaz, C Gürgün, M Aytimur, R Önder, I Nalbantgil

JRAAS 2001;2:70.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTLeft ventricular mycardial mass index and blood pressure reduction in essentially hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy during one-year antihypertensive treatment in relation with the I/D polymorphysm of angiotensin-converting enzyme and the angiotensinogem T174M polymorphism.
Zh.D.Kobalava, I.V.Kotovskaia, D.A.Chistiakov^*, V.V.Dmitriev^ˆ

JRAAS 2001;2:70.

ABSTRACTThe effect of pritor on the fibrinolytic response and lipid profile in essential hypertension
I.Alizade, N.Karayeva

JRAAS 2001;2:70.

ABSTRACTMorning surge of blood pressure in the elderly is more prominent than younger patients in the treatment and ambulatory blood pressures (TRAP) study
N Koylanm M S Sever, B Ilerigelen, R Onder and S Caglar for the TRAP study group: Dept of Cardiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Capa, Istanbul 34390 Turkey

JRAAS 2001;2:71.

ABSTRACTValsartan further improves efficacy safely in hypertensive patients treated with ACE inhibitors
Domenico Galzerano, Antonio Cerciello, S. Latte, G. Saetta, G. Allocca, C. Brighina, Diana Lama, P. Capogrosso. Cardiology Dept., S Gennaro Hosp., ^*Geriatric Dept., § Cardiology Chair, II University of Naples

JRAAS 2001;2:71.

ABSTRACTStable plasma magnesium status in essential hypertensives under mono-therapy with various angiotensin II antagonist
K. Kisters, F. Wessels, F. Tomak, Med. Clinic I, St. Anna-Hospital, Herne, Germany

JRAAS 2001;2:71.

ABSTRACTAntihypertensive effect and arterial distensibility improvement in hypertensive patients treated with losartan or irbesartan
S.V. Nedogoda

JRAAS 2001;2:71.

ABSTRACTClinical implication of angiotensin I - converting enzyme I/D, angiotensinogen M235T, G-6A
I.Kiselev, , T. Novikova, V. Fedorov, E. Schlyakhto, E. Schwartz.

JRAAS 2001;2:72.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTThe effect of telmisartan on the arterial hypertension, heart rate variability
D. Lukšiene, G. Šakalytk

JRAAS 2001;2:72.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTEfficacy and tolerability of irbesarton vs. benazepril in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension in a randomised controlled study.
Tang Shude, Qi wenhong, Gao Runlin.

JRAAS 2001;2:72.

ABSTRACTHypertensive patients with diabetes mellitus type II inadequately controlled by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors: is the combination with long-acting calcium channel blockers more effective than with beta-blockers?
T.J. Cleophas, B.M. van Ouwerkerk, J. van der Meulen, A.H. Zwinderman¹, R. van Marum, M.G. Niemeyer. ¹Department of Medicine, Albert Schweitzer Hospital P.O.Box 306, 3300 AH, Dordrecht and ¹Academic Hospital Leiden, P.O.Bo

JRAAS 2001;2:72.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTBlockade of renin-angiotensin system in the treatment of arterial hypertension in hot climate
M.M.Berkelieva

JRAAS 2001;2:73.

ABSTRACTEffects of the treatment with losartan in the microalbuminuria in diabetic patients with high blood pressure
Lunar Luis, DA Silva Rosa, Serafin Maria, Rois Fredy, Villarroel Omar, Larez Mary

JRAAS 2001;2:73.

ABSTRACTThe effects of pritor on cerebal circulation values in patients with essential hypertension
N.T.Karayeva, I.G.Alizade

JRAAS 2001;2:73.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACT2-years follow up in patients after myocardial infarction complicated by hypertension
Babiy L., Sledzevskaya I., Savitskiy S., SchumakovV., Malinovskaya I.

JRAAS 2001;2:73.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTInfluence of irbesartan upon blood pressure and ACE activity at the early morning hours.
Bezrodnaya L., Svishchenko E., Mishchenko L., Matova E., Yarinkina E., Bezrodny A., Gulkevich O., Institute. Of Cardiology, Kiyv, Ukraine

JRAAS 2001;2:74.

ABSTRACTInfluence on systolic blood pressure of long-term therapy by eprosartan in essential hypertensives
L. I. Olbinskaya, T. B. Andruchshishina

JRAAS 2001;2:74.

ABSTRACTCandesartan and cardiovascular risk in patients with essential hypertension
L. I. Olbinskaya, T. E. Morozova

JRAAS 2001;2:74.

ABSTRACTLosartan improve exercise performance in patients with moderate and severe mitral insufficiently
C. Ûekuri, O. Ütuk, Ö. Bayturan, S. Danahaliloglu, T. Tavli

JRAAS 2001;2:74.

ABSTRACTValsartan in the treatment of isoloated systolic hypertension in the elderly.
D. Caruso, B.Maglione, M.D'avino, G.Caruso

JRAAS 2001;2:75.

ABSTRACTLong-term telmisartan treatment and cardiac structure in patients with essential hypertension
A.V.Panov, A.O.Conrady,N.I.Usatchev, A.N.Kruticov, E.V.Polunicheva

JRAAS 2001;2:75.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTEffect of valsartan on glucose and lipid profile
D. Caruso, B.Maglione, M.D'avino, G.Caruso

JRAAS 2001;2:75.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTBenefital metabolic effects of different ACE inhibitors in patients with essential hypertension
Lj. Bojovic Rankovic and D. Micic

JRAAS 2001;2:75.

ABSTRACTEffects of telmisartan on blood pressure and left ventricular wall thickness in patients with mild hypertension
A. Ivleva, E. Sivkova, O. Maximenko

JRAAS 2001;2:76.

ABSTRACTTelmisartan is effective and well-tolerated in the clinical setting as monotherapy or add-on therapy in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension.
C Farsang^a, C Ingino^b, Y Karpov^c, A Laucevius^d, G Polák^a, L Williams^e, N Harkin^e.
^aSt Emeric Hospital, Budapest, Hungary; ^bHospital Militar Central, Buenos Aires, Argentina;
^cCardiology Research centre, Moscow, Russia; ^dPrivate medical Centre, Kardivita, Lithuania;
^eGlaxo Wellcome R&D, Greenford, UK.

JRAAS 2001;2:76.

ABSTRACTOn top of effect of renin-angiotensin-system inhibition?
T.J.Cleophas, M.G.Niemeyer,
Albert Schweitzer Hospital Dordrecht, and Martini Hospital Groningen, The Netherlands.

JRAAS 2001;2:76.

ABSTRACTComparative effectiveness of enalapril and losartan at patients with heart failure
B.G. Khodjakuliev, V.G. Grigoryan, O.N. Dovletova, Turkmen medical institute, Ashgabat / Turkmenistan.

JRAAS 2001;2:76.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTThreshold of taste salt sensitivity in patients with congestive heart failure
V.V Kolomiets, K.A. Bobrishev, L.V. Khorunzhaya

JRAAS 2001;2:77.

ABSTRACTThe role of apexcardiography in diagnostics of heart failure
Tashchuk V., Popeluk O. Bukovinian Medical Academy

JRAAS 2001;2:77.

ABSTRACTStudy of the safety of RAAS long-term complete blockade in type II diabetic patients with MAU and essential hypertension
G.P. Arutyunov, T.K.Chernyavskaya, T.I.Lukicheva, M.Lkorsunskaya, A.V. Rozanov N.O.Balanina

JRAAS 2001;2:77.

ABSTRACTAngiotensin II increases expression of macrophage migration inhibitiory factor (MIF) in rat brain neurons
Silke Busche, Stefan Gallinat, Melissa Fleegal, Mohan Raizada, Colin Sumners

JRAAS 2001;2:77.

ABSTRACTPrevention of cardiac and kidney lesions (due to potassium restriction) by ACE inhibitors or Ang II receptor antagonists.
Danilov SM, Balyasnikova IV, Albrecht RII, Ryan M, Visintine D, Metzger R, Miletich D.

JRAAS 2001;2:78.

ABSTRACTAngiotensin IV decreases acute stroke mortality in the gerbil.
F Dalmay, F Pesteil, J Allard, S Nisse-Durgeat, L Fernandez, A Fournier, JM Achard.

JRAAS 2001;2:78.

ABSTRACTEffect of in vivo treatment of stroke-prone spontaneoulsy hypertensive rats with losartan on platelet activation. Comparison with valsartan and candersartan.
Jiménez-Fernández AM, Montón Peco M, Rico L, Gómez J, De Andrés R, López-Cubero L, Casado S, López-Farré A. Cardiovascular Research and Hypertension Laboratory. Fundación Jiménez Díaz. Madrid. Spain.

JRAAS 2001;2:78.

ABSTRACTIdentifying sources of nitric oxide released by angiotensin II in nucleus tractus solitarii
Sergey Kasparov and Julian F.R Paton. Department of Physiology, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK. E-mail: sergey.kasparov@bris.ac.uk

JRAAS 2001;2:78.

ABSTRACTValsartan and candesartan can inhibit angiotensin II-induced stimulation of endothelin production by vascular endothelial cells
H Seeger, C Lippert, AO Mueck

JRAAS 2001;2:79.

ABSTRACTInhibitory effect of losartan on basolateral angiotensin II receptor mediated fluid and bicarbonate absorption in the rat proximal tubule
Y.L. Chan and B.L. Jin

JRAAS 2001;2:79.

ABSTRACTBinding of non-peptide AT₁-receptor antagonists to endogeneous AT₁-receptors on human renal artery vascular smooth muscle cells.
Ilse Verheijen, Patrick Vanderheyden, Jean-Paul De Backer, Serge Bottari#, Georges Vauquelin. Dept MBFA, Free University Brussels, Paardenstraat 65, B-1640 St. Genesius

JRAAS 2001;2:79.

ABSTRACTComparative effects of losartan, carvedilol and their combination in preventing left ventricular remodelling after acute myocardial infarction in rats
Yuejin Yang, Yida Tang, Pei Zhang, Yingmao Ruan, Yongli Li, Yanwen Zhou, Runlin Gao, Jilin Chen, Zaijia Chen. Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Institute & Fu Wai Heart Hospitla, CAMS & PUMC, Beijing 100037, China

JRAAS 2001;2:79.

ABSTRACTLosartan has no acute antiarrhythmic effects in rat hearts
A. Remondino, M. Bellahcene, A. Ziegler, P.T. Buser, C.E. Zaugg.

JRAAS 2001;2:80.

ABSTRACTChronic irbesartan treatment reduces the angiotensin II-induced potentiation of responses to phenylephrine in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Riveiro A, Calvo C, Alonso M, López JE, Martínez MC, Pérez-Leirós P.

JRAAS 2001;2:80.

ABSTRACTCardioprotection and angiotensin II type 2 receptor upregulation during angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockade in dog and rat in vivo models of reperfused myocardial infarction
B.I. Jugdutt.

JRAAS 2001;2:80.

ABSTRACTAngiotensin II-induced stimulation of collagen secretion and production in cardiac fibroblasts is mediated via angiotensin II subtype 1 receptor.
P.J Lijnen, V.V. Petrov & R.H. Fagard

JRAAS 2001;2:80.

ABSTRACTValsartan-induced cardioprotection involves angiotensin II type 2 receptor upregulation in dog and rat in vivo models of reperfused myocardial infarction
B.I. Jugbutt.

JRAAS 2001;2:81.

ABSTRACTComparative effects of cilazapril, carvedilol and their combination in prevention left ventricular remodelling after acute myocardial infarction in rats
Yuejin Yang, Yida Tang, Pei Zhang, Yingmao Ruan, Yongli Li, Yanwen Zhou, Runlin Gao, Jilin Chen, Zaijia Chen.

JRAAS 2001;2:81.

ABSTRACTAngiotensin II and endothelin I receptor density in mesangial cell cultures following contralateral nephrectomy
S. Berman, Z. Averbukh, D. Modai, A. Golik, M. Cohn, E. Galperin, J. Weissgarten.

JRAAS 2001;2:81.

ABSTRACTDownregulation of angiotensin II receptors in rat mesenteric arteries after organ culture
C. Lindströrm, E. Uddman, L. Edvinsson, M. Malmsjö

JRAAS 2001;2:81.

ABSTRACTPhenylephrine-mediated responses in irbesartan-treated female spontaneously hypertensive rats
Riveiro A, Calco C, Alonso M, Domínguez MJ, Pérez-Leirós P.

JRAAS 2001;2:82.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTTight binding of the angiotensin AT₁-receptor antagonist [³H] candesartan is independent of receptor internalisation
Frederik LP Fierens, Patrick ML Vanderheyden, Jean-Paul De Backer, Laszlo Hunyady^*, Georges Vauquelin; Dept MBFA, Free University Brussels, Belgium; ^*Dept. Physiology, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest, Hungary

JRAAS 2001;2:82.

POPULAR
TOPICABSTRACTEffect of telmisartan on angiotensin II-mediated collagen gel contraction by adult rat cardiac fibroblasts.
P.J. Lijen, V.V. Petrov & R.H. Fagard.

JRAAS 2001;2:82.

ABSTRACTAntiplatelet action of losartan involves TXA2 receptor antagonism but not TXA2 synthase inhibition
S. Chlopicki^*, M.Koda#, E. Chabielska#, W.Buczko#, R.J.Gryglewski^*

JRAAS 2001;2:82.

ABSTRACTElectrophysiological study of angiotensin II and BAY 10-6735 on guinea pig ventricular myocytes
P.Zong, ZS Li, Y Zhang^*, ZN Zhou^* Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Medical Center Of Fudan University ^*Shanghai Institute of Physiology, Chinese Academy of Science

JRAAS 2001;2:83.

ABSTRACTThe inhibitory effect of temisartan on the blood pressure response to angiotensin II challenge
J. Stangier,¹ C.A.P.F Su,¹ P.N.M. van Heiningen,² J.J. van Lier, ²J.H.G. Jonkman²

JRAAS 2001;2:83.

ABSTRACTRole of bradykinin and the AT₂-receptors in the cardioprotective effect of telmisartan
H. Nolly, S. Ojeda, A. Nolly, M. Romero, M. Nolly

JRAAS 2001;2:83.

ABSTRACTCoated pits disruption antagonises the contractions induced by intracellularly administered angiotensin II in isolated rat aortic smooth muscle
A. Costuleanu, M. Costuleanu, S.M. Slatineanu, Gh. Petrescu

JRAAS 2001;2:83.